I.: What is Hindu Religion? 1.
Hindu Religion, often referred to as Hindu Dharma, Vaideeha Dharma and Sanatana Dharma, is the world's oldest Religious faith. It was followed by the ancient civilization of the Indus valley, Ganges valley, Deccan and Cauveri delta, as well as other parts of India all over the Indian peninsula and surrounding areas of Asia. This Faith, known by many names, is followed and practiced in several ways and forms as it was practiced several thousand years back, with very little modifications, though it adjusted itself to the various times.
2. There are over
900 million to one Billion Hindus living throughout the world, mainly in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Cambodia and Indonesia from ancient times and also the Hindus settled all over the world now. There are also many new converts and followers to this practice in the modern world.
3. Hinduism, is as much a
"way of life" as a religion and affects every aspect of life for Hindus from birth throughout their life. It is followed by the devout Hindu in every aspect of life and activity, and not just in a prayer only.
II.: Hindu Scriptures and Principles 4. Hinduism, unlike most religions, has
no founder and no one scripture. Hindus do not have one "Holy Book" like many other religions, but many texts including the four Vedas along with their Upanishads, called the "Sruti", several Dharma Sasthras or Smrutis, Ithihasas and Puranas including the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. The Bhagavad Gita, or "Song of God", comes as part of Mahabaratha, is an essence of the message of the Upanishads and Hindu Philosophy and is considered to be a guide on how we should live as told by Lord Krishna to Arjuna.
5. Hindus believe that as all streams and rivers lead to the same ocean, all genuine religious (spiritual) paths lead to the same goal;
worship of every form of "GOD" and celestial forces leads to the same good. So they do not try to convert others to our religion. Each one is allowed to pray and worship to a form or a formless according to one's own knowledge, desire, need and spiritual elevation.
6.
Hindus believe in One God, beyond form, space and time and beyond human comprehension. They believe that God is Transcendant and Immanent at the same time and will create Itself according to everyones desire and needs to protect the pious, to detroy the evil and
establish the Divine Rule of Law and Justice. So, they belive that God will come to them in every form one desires and prays according to one's need and wish.
III.: One God in Many Forms and Many Names 7. Most Hindus, needing a form on which to concentrate, worship that one God in different forms, worshiping one aspect of that
One Divine Supreme Truth - Paramatma. -- Hindus see God in masculine as well as in feminine forms and also like a family. At the same time, they all understand the True nature of the Supreme.
9. Please understand that many of the sects of Hindus following the various forms of philosophy and worship andvisualize this same
Paramathma - the Supreme God - as
Narayana [Vishnu], or as
Paramasiva [Siva] and
Paraasakthi [Sakthi or Durga]. These are the major forms of Paramatma is understood and worshipped by the various sects of Hindu Devotees.
8. Hindu "Gods" are worshipped in the various incarnations, manifestations and forms as created by the supreme God Paramathma for the benefit of the Human creations to easily comprehend Him as He is. Hindus see that One God taking the masculine forms as
Brahma -
the creator,
Vishnu -
the protector and maintainer, and
Shiva as Siva-Nataraja -
the destroyer and re-creator. -- Hindus see that One God in the female forms as
Sakthi or Durga, -
provider of energy and power, as
Lakshmi, -
provider of prosperity and wealth and as
Saraswathi, -
provider of knowledge and intelligence.
10. Here please note that unlike the other major world religions, Hindus also see the Supreme as
Mother, including as
Sri Meenakshi, as Visalakshi, as Kamakshi and as many other names of
Sakthi. He is also seen as Father as in
Siva in various forms in several
Hindu Temples. -- The Temple in which they are worshipped is not just a congregation hall but a
Palace of the Supreme God [as the Queen or King]. The dovoted Hindu is able to obtain his or her comminion with the One Supreme God through the prayers to any of the forms as they see that One Supreme in every form or aspect they worship.
IV.: Hindu Rituals and Worship 11.
Hindu worship takes into account the capacities and inclinations of different individuals. --Types of worship include Ritualistic worship (
temple or home), offering (directly or through the priest) flowers, coconut, fruits, incense, flames of oil lamps and camphor, chanting of prayers in
Sanskrit (or their mother tongue), etc.
12. Also: Worship through service of one's fellow man (charity) and by one's activity; -- Worship through studying of sacred texts and devotion to the Supreme; -- Worship through meditation with physical and mental discipline and through understanding first the inner self then the divine that is everywhere. -- Worship and prayers are the duties of the human soul to attain Divine protection from the effects of bad karmas and to get guided in the proper path.
V.: Hindu Beliefs & Tenets == 13.
Hindus believe in Ahimsa, or non-violence, which is the basis for the vegetarian diet of many Hindus. Hindus believe non-injury or A
himsa in all activities which include thought, word, and deed.
Hindus believe in Truth and that the Truth will ultimately prevail and protect. Hindus believe in following the Dharma or the divine Law that will protect them at all times.
14. Hindus believe in
Karma,
the law of Cause and Effect. Similar to Christian "As ye sow, so shall ye reap" or "What goes around, comes around." (No such thing as a free lunch.) -- Hindus strive to follow
Karma Yoga which is
Doing one's own duty without expectation of any rewards for it.
15. Hindus believe in
reincarnation, or "life after life." (Results may occur in a following life.) Every individual soul returns to earth several times by rebirth to perform proper Karma to purify itself. Once purified by good karma, the soul reaches liberation with no-rebirth. Attachment, greed and lust leads to bad karma leading to grief and further suffering and rebirths to wash off those effects.
16. A goal of Hindus is to achieve
Moksha, to be freed from the cycle of birth and death (when the "good" and the "bad" karmas balance.) or to reach
Swarga,
the abode of the Divine Soul or Paramatma [God] to serve at His feet.
